The global rise of online chatting and its adverse effect on reading literacy

In the past decade, reading has moved massively from printed paper to digital displays. Thus far, large-scale surveys have not shown clear-cut effects of ICT use on literacy. This study addresses impact per country increases in online chatting, using data worldwide PISA 2009 and 2018 covering 63 countries. During that period, chatting increased substantially nearly every country, but rate increase varied considerably across The empirical evidence shows a strong correlation among 15-year-olds with declines both literacy awareness useful strategies.